Tongue tie (ankyloglossia) and lip tie are common conditions in infants that can sometimes interfere with feeding, speech development, and oral function. Although they are often undiagnosed or misunderstood, early identification and management can significantly improve a baby’s ability to feed effectively and prevent complications later in life.
What Are Tongue Tie and Lip Tie?
Tongue Tie occurs when the thin band of tissue (called the lingual frenulum) that connects the underside of the tongue to the floor of the mouth is too short, tight, or thick. This can restrict the tongue’s range of motion.
Lip Tie happens when the tissue that connects the upper lip to the gum (labial frenulum) is too tight, limiting the movement of the upper lip.
These ties are congenital, meaning babies are born with them. They vary in severity and may or may not cause symptoms.
Signs and Symptoms
In Infants
Difficulty latching during breastfeeding
Clicking sounds while nursing
Gassiness, reflux-like symptoms, or colic
Poor weight gain or prolonged feeding sessions
Milk leaking from the corners of the mouth
Blistering on lips or a heart-shaped tongue
In Mothers
Nipple pain or damage
Incomplete breast drainage (leading to mastitis or blocked ducts)
Frustration or anxiety around feeding
Diagnosis
Tongue and lip ties are typically diagnosed through:
A physical examination by a paediatrician, lactation consultant, or pediatric dentist
A detailed history of feeding challenges
In some cases, using classification systems (e.g., Kotlow or Coryllos) to grade the severity
It's essential not only to look at the anatomy but also to assess function—how the restriction is affecting feeding, not just how it looks.
Potential Long-Term Impacts if Untreated
While not all tongue or lip ties require treatment, in cases where function is significantly impaired, leaving them untreated may lead to:
Speech delays or articulation issues
Poor oral hygiene due to restricted tongue mobility
Difficulty with chewing or swallowing
Orthodontic issues such as gaps between front teeth
Sleep-disordered breathing or airway development concerns
Treatment Options
1. Frenectomy
This is a minor surgical procedure to release the restrictive frenulum. It can be done using:
Laser
Scissors or scalpel
The procedure is quick and can be done in-office, often without the need for general anesthesia in young infants.
2. Post-Procedure Care
Stretching exercises are often recommended after a frenectomy to:
Prevent reattachment of the tissue
Encourage optimal healing
Support improved function
3. Feeding Support
Working with a lactation consultant is crucial both before and after the procedure to optimize latch and ensure successful breastfeeding.
Bodywork (e.g., chiropractic care, craniosacral therapy, or physiotherapy) may be advised to address muscle tension or compensations.
Do All Ties Need to Be Treated?
Not necessarily. Many babies have a visible tie but no symptoms. If feeding is going well, and there are no functional issues, treatment may not be required. A multidisciplinary approach—pediatric dentist, GP, lactation consultant—is best for assessing whether intervention is needed.
Final Thoughts
Early recognition of tongue and lip ties can make a significant difference in a baby’s feeding journey and overall development. If you're concerned your baby may have a tongue or lip tie, consult with a knowledgeable healthcare provider to evaluate and guide you on the best course of action.
Need Help?
At Pain Free Dentist Sydney, we offer gentle assessments and treatment for infants with tongue and lip ties using traditional scissors cut.
Call us on (02) 9558 8988 or email us at info@painfreedentistsydney.com.au to book a consultation or learn more.
You can also book online at www.painfreedentistsydney.com.au!