Dental Cavities: What Causes Them and How to Prevent Tooth Decay

What Are Dental Cavities?

Dental cavities, also known as tooth decay or caries, are permanently damaged areas on the surface of your teeth that develop into tiny holes or pits. Left untreated, cavities can grow deeper, leading to pain, infection, or even tooth loss.

What Causes Cavities?

Cavities form when bacteria in your mouth produce acids that erode the enamel (the hard outer layer of your teeth). Here’s a breakdown of how it happens:

  1. Plaque buildup: Bacteria from food and drinks mix with saliva to form a sticky film called plaque.

  2. Sugar intake: Sugars and starches feed the bacteria, producing acid.

  3. Enamel breakdown: Acid attacks the enamel, eventually creating holes or soft spots in the tooth.

  4. Decay spreads: If not treated early, the decay moves deeper into the dentin and pulp.

Risk Factors for Developing Cavities

You're more likely to develop cavities if you:

  • Eat a lot of sugary or acidic foods and drinks

  • Don’t brush and floss regularly

  • Have a dry mouth (low saliva production)

  • Don’t visit the dentist for routine checkups

  • Have deep grooves or pits in your teeth

  • Are a child, teen, or older adult

Early Signs of a Cavity

  • Sensitivity to hot, cold, or sweet foods

  • Visible holes or dark spots on your teeth

  • Toothache or sharp pain when biting down

  • Bad breath or unpleasant taste

  • White or chalky areas on your teeth (early enamel erosion)

How to Prevent Cavities

Good oral hygiene and lifestyle habits are the best way to prevent cavities:

✅ Brush twice a day with fluoride toothpaste
✅ Floss daily to remove plaque between teeth
✅ Limit sugary snacks and drinks
✅ Rinse with a fluoride mouthwash
✅ See your dentist regularly for cleanings and checkups
✅ Ask about fissure sealants or fluoride treatments if you're at high risk

Cavity Treatment Options

  • Fluoride treatment: Can reverse early decay

  • Dental fillings: Restore teeth after decay is removed

  • Crowns: For large or deeply damaged teeth

  • Root canal: If the decay reaches the tooth’s nerve

  • Tooth extraction: Only if the damage is too severe

Don’t Wait for Pain—Cavities Can Be Silent

You may not feel a cavity forming. That’s why early detection is key. Regular dental visits help catch decay early before it becomes painful or expensive to fix.

Schedule Your Dental Checkup Today

At Pain Free Dentist Sydney, we’re committed to protecting your smile. From cavity prevention to gentle fillings, we offer personalized care in a calm and friendly setting.

📞 Call us at (02) 9558 8988
📍 Visit our clinic in 570 New Canterbury Rd, Hurlstone Park, NSW, 2193
🌐 Book online at https://painfreedentistsydney.com.au/