Teeth Abfraction: Causes, Symptoms, and How to Treat It

What Is Teeth Abfraction?

Teeth abfraction refers to the loss of tooth structure near the gum line caused by mechanical forces such as chewing and grinding. Unlike cavities caused by decay, abfraction results from stress on the teeth leading to small notches or lesions at the base of the tooth.

Causes of Abfraction

The main causes include:

  • Excessive teeth grinding or clenching (bruxism)

  • Improper bite or misaligned teeth

  • Repeated flexing and stress on teeth during chewing

  • Aggressive tooth brushing (can contribute but is distinct from abrasion)

  • Chewing hard or abrasive foods

Signs and Symptoms

  • Small V-shaped notches near the gum line

  • Tooth sensitivity, especially to cold or sweet foods

  • Visible grooves or wear on tooth enamel

  • Possible gum recession around affected teeth

  • Discomfort when biting or chewing

How Is Abfraction Different from Abrasion and Erosion?

  • Abfraction is caused by mechanical stress and flexing of the tooth.

  • Abrasion results from physical wear, like aggressive brushing.

  • Erosion comes from acid damage due to diet or gastric reflux.

Often, these conditions can occur together, requiring comprehensive treatment.

Treatment Options for Teeth Abfraction

  • Dental Bonding or Composite Fillings: To restore the lost tooth structure and reduce sensitivity.

  • Night Guards: To protect teeth from grinding forces during sleep.

  • Bite Adjustment: Correcting misaligned bites to reduce stress on teeth.

  • Gentle Tooth Brushing: Using a soft-bristle brush and proper technique to avoid worsening lesions.

  • Desensitizing Toothpaste: To help manage sensitivity caused by abfraction.

Preventing Teeth Abfraction

  • Manage bruxism with stress reduction or dental devices

  • Avoid hard or abrasive foods

  • Maintain good oral hygiene with gentle brushing

  • Regular dental check-ups to monitor tooth wear and bite issues

Concerned About Abfraction Lesions?

If you notice notches or sensitivity near your gums, see your dentist for a thorough evaluation. Early detection and treatment can prevent further damage and protect your smile.

Book a Consultation Today

Our clinic offers expert diagnosis and personalized treatment plans for teeth abfraction and related dental concerns. Contact us to schedule your appointment and keep your teeth strong and healthy.